"THE fourfold division of castes," says Lord Shri Krishna, "was created by me according to the apportionment of qualities and duties."
Elsewhere it is taught that the Brahmanas, the Kshattriyas, the Vaisyas, and the Shudras emanated from the mouth and sundry other parts of Brahma. This latter teachings all -- save those who have blind faith -- may find it somewhat difficult to swallow. Moreover, how much difference in dignity can the various parts of the same body possess ? Does the head get contaminated or polluted by touching the legs ? Is the difference now observable between various classes emanating from one and the same member, in the matter of pollution, etc,justifiable ? Were qualities and duties the cause of diffrerence in caste, should not all persons with identical qualities and duties form one and the same caste ? If, however, colour and not these two be said to be the cause of caste, this, too, is not in accordance with experience.Were it be said that, whatever may have been the causes in former days, at present the test is birth and observances, here also difficulties would arise.
Suppose it is proved that a Brahmana is illagitimate ? Is it just that this poor man who, at the time of birth and for many years afterwards, was recognised as a Brahmana, should subsequently be made to suffer ? Think, too, of all the divine services peformed and the gifts received by him, and, above all, of the position of the large number of his castmen who must have dined in his company !
On the whole, it may be affirmed that, in this twentieth century, the test of caste is neither the place of origin (e,g., Brahma's head, feet etc.) nor"qualities and duties," nor colour (varnam). As for "qualities." they are not at all the cause, and those who maintain the contrary must be hypocrites. If places of origin be the cause, there could be only four castes. On one occasion a friend of the present writer-- a wealthy landlord (janmi)---visiting a high European-official, was asked
 ഇതിലെ ഉള്ളടക്കത്തിന്റെ സ്കോർ ലഭിക്കുന്നതു് ഈ താൾ ആദ്യം ടൈപ്പു ചെയ്തുതുടങ്ങിയ രാംമാതൊടി എന്ന ഉപയോക്താവിനായിരിക്കും. | |||||
| ഈ താളിന്റെ ഗുണനിലവാരം: (വിശദവിവരങ്ങൾക്കു് ഈ ലേഖനം കാണുക) | |||||
| സങ്കീർണ്ണത | തനിമലയാളം | അക്ഷരങ്ങളുടെ എണ്ണം | ടൈപ്പിങ്ങ് പുരോഗതി | ഫോർമാറ്റിങ്ങ് മികവ് | അക്ഷരശുദ്ധി |
| (സ്കോർ ഇതുവരെ ചേർത്തിട്ടില്ല) | (സ്കോർ ഇതുവരെ ചേർത്തിട്ടില്ല) | (സ്കോർ ഇതുവരെ ചേർത്തിട്ടില്ല) | (സ്കോർ ഇതുവരെ ചേർത്തിട്ടില്ല) | (സ്കോർ ഇതുവരെ ചേർത്തിട്ടില്ല) | (സ്കോർ ഇതുവരെ ചേർത്തിട്ടില്ല) |
