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261. What are the uses of the associative form of the
instrumental case?
The associative is a mere variety of the instrumental;
the following six are the principal uses of this case:—
1. proximity, 2. extent, 3. address, 4. separation or
detachment, 5. object of similarity, and 6. manner.
Ex: 1. (Proximity.) 'vánóṭu' muṭṭum (=it will reach to the
sky).
2. (Extent.) 'muṭiyóṭu' aṭiyiṭa muzhuvan (=the whole from
the head to the foot).
3. (Address.) 'ninnóṭu' par̥ańńu (= he spoke to you).
4. (Separation or Detachment.) 'avanóṭu' náṭu piṭichchaṭakki
(=he conquered the country from him); Cháṇakkyanu 'Mau-
ryyanóṭu' akalchcha (= the separation of Cháṇakyan from
Mauryya).
5. (Object of similarity.) 'ennóṭu' ottór (= those who are like me).
6. (Manner.) 'nalamóṭu' chonnár (= they spoke with benignity).
262. What are the uses of the dative?
The principal uses of the dative are the following
twelve, viz: 1. for the place towards which motion is in-
dicated; 2. the place to which quarter or direction relates;
3. duration and point of time; 4. relative or comparative
quantity; 5. the object of similarity; 6. the object of en-
deavour, or object in view; 7. the object of fitness; 8. the
obtainer or proprietor; 9. the recipient; 10. the thing recom-
pensed or retaliated; 11. cause; and 12. purpose or sake.
