| ഒരു കൃതി പൊതുസഞ്ചയത്തിലാണോ എന്ന് തീരുമാനിക്കാനും അതിന് ഏത് ഫലകം ഉപയോഗിക്കാമെന്നും ഈ താൾ സഹായിക്കുന്നു.
|
ഒരു കൃതി പൊതുസഞ്ചയത്തിലാണെന്ന് സുരക്ഷിതമായി കണക്കാക്കണമെങ്കിൽ പാലിക്കേണ്ട നിബന്ധനകൾ ഈ പട്ടികകളിൽ കൊടുത്തിരിക്കുന്നു.[1][2]. ആദ്യം പ്രസിദ്ധീകരിച്ച രാജ്യത്തിലും അമേരിക്കൻ ഐക്യനാടുകളിലും പൊതുസഞ്ചയത്തിലായവ മാത്രമേ വിക്കിഗ്രന്ഥശാലയിൽ ഉൾപ്പെടുത്താനാവൂ.
| Conditions
|
Date PD
|
| unpublished works created before 1978 and published 1977–2003
|
2048–2073[a]
|
'Corporate authorship' refers to works written for hire or in the name of a corporation.
| Date of publication
|
Conditions
|
Public domain
|
Template
|
| none.
|
unpublished
|
Works created 120+ years ago (1904)
|
none.
|
| 1923 through 1977
|
- published outside the US and copyright in its home country
|
works created 120+ years ago (1904) or published 95+ years ago (1929), whichever is earliest.
|
none.
|
| 1978–1 March 1989
|
- no notice, but subsequent registration
- or with notice
|
works created 120+ years ago (1904) or published 95+ years ago (1929), whichever is earliest.
|
none.
|
| After 1 March 1989
|
none.
|
works created 120+ years ago (1904) or published over 95+ years ago (1929), whichever is earliest.
|
none.
|
An unpublished work is one that has never been published in any form, or which was first published after 2003 but created before 1935.
- Note for the European Union: If a previously unpublished work is published first time ("editio princeps") later than 70 years after the death of the author, then it is no more public domain but it is granted a copyright for 25 years (Council Directive 93/98/EEC, see here)
| Type of work
|
What is public domain
|
Template
|
- Most works (except those below)
- or created before 1978 and published after 2002
|
works of authors who died 70+ years ago (1954)
|
{{PD-old-70}}
|
- anonymous or pseudonymous
- or author's date of death unknown
|
Works created 120+ years ago (1904)
|
{{PD-old}}
|
| Date of publication
|
Condition[3]
|
What is public domain
|
Template
|
| Before 1923
|
none.
|
all works.
|
{{PD-1923}}
|
| 1923–1963
|
with notice, no renewal[b]
|
all works.
|
{{PD-US-no-renewal}}
|
| 1923–1963
|
with notice and renewal[b]
|
Works published 95+ years ago (1929)
|
none.
|
| 1923–1977
|
no copyright notice
|
all works.
|
{{PD-US-no-notice}}
|
| 1964–1977
|
with notice
|
Works published 95+ years ago (1929)
|
none.
|
| 1978–1 March 1989
|
no notice or subsequent registration
|
all works.
|
none.
|
| 1978–1 March 1989
|
- no notice, but subsequent registration
- or with notice
|
works of authors who died 70+ years ago (1954)
|
none.
|
| After 1 March 1989
|
none.
|
works of authors who died 70+ years ago (1954)
|
| Any time
|
prepared by an on-duty officer or employee of the United States Federal Government
|
all works.
|
{{PD-USGov}}
|
| Any time
|
official documents of the United Nations[4]
|
Official records, UN documents issued with a UN symbol, and not-for-sale public information materials designed primarily to inform the public about United Nations activities
|
{{PD-UN}}
|
അമേരിക്കൻ ഐക്യനാടുകൾക്ക് പുറത്ത് പ്രസിദ്ധീകരിച്ചത്
തിരുത്തുക
ശ്രദ്ധിക്കുക: 1923-നു ശേഷം അമേരിക്കൻ ഐക്യനാടുകൾക്ക് (യു.എസ്.) പുറത്ത് പ്രസിദ്ധീകരിക്കപ്പെട്ട കൃതികൾ ഉറുഗ്വേ റൗണ്ട് എഗ്രീമെന്റ്സ് നിയമപ്രകാരം, ചിലപ്പോൾ ഇപ്പോഴും യു.എസിൽ പകർപ്പവകാശമുള്ളവയായിരിക്കാം. ഈ കരാർ നിലവിൽവരുന്നതിന് പൊതുസഞ്ചയത്തിലായ കൃതികളും ഇവയിൽപ്പെടാം.[5] തികച്ചും സ്പഷ്ടമായ വ്യവസ്ഥകൾ മാത്രമേ ഇവിടെ നൽകിയിട്ടുള്ളൂ.
| പ്രസിദ്ധീകരിച്ച തിയതി
|
വ്യവസ്ഥ
|
ഏതൊക്കെ പൊതുസഞ്ചയത്തിലാണ്
|
ഫലകം
|
| 1909 ജൂലൈ 1-നു മുൻപ്
|
ഒന്നുമില്ല.
|
എല്ലാ കൃതികളും.
|
ഒന്നുമില്ല.
|
| 1909 ജൂലൈ 1 മുതൽ 1922 വരെ
|
യു.എസ്. ഔപചാരികതകൾ പ്രകാരം
|
എല്ലാ കൃതികളും.
|
ഒന്നുമില്ല.
|
| 1923–1977
|
1996 ജനുവരി 1-ന് അതിന്റെ മാതൃരാജ്യത്ത് പൊതുസഞ്ചയത്തിലായിരിക്കുകയും ഈ തിയതിക്കുമുമ്പ് യു.എസിൽ അത് പ്രസിദ്ധീകരിക്കാതിരിക്കുകയും ചെയ്തവ.
|
എല്ലാ കൃതികളും.
|
{{PD-1996}}
|
| 1978 ജനുവരി 1-നു ശേഷം
|
അതിന്റെ മാതൃരാജ്യത്ത് പകർപ്പവകാശത്തിനുകീഴിലുള്ളവ
|
95-ഓ അതിലധികമോ വർഷം മുൻപ് (1929) മരിച്ച രചയിതാക്കളുടെ കൃതികൾ
|
| Condition
|
What is public domain
|
Template
|
| Works ineligible for copyright in Mainland China
|
Laws; regulations; resolutions, decisions and orders of State organs; other documents of a legislative, administrative or judicial nature; and their official translations.
|
{{PD-CN}}
|
| Official works of Macao
|
Official works, in particular the texts of treaties, laws and regulations and those of reports or decisions by authorities of any kind, and translations thereof.
|
{{PD-MO}}
|
| Works ineligible for copyright in Taiwan
|
The constitution, acts, regulations, official documents (including proclamations, text of speeches, news releases, and other documents prepared by civil servants in the course of carrying out their duties), and their translations and compilations by central or local government agencies.
|
{{PD-TW}}
|
| Condition
|
What is public domain
|
Template
|
| Official works of Germany
|
Official works released by any German federal or state authority or court. Third party translations are not public domain until 70 years after the death of the translator.
|
{{PD-DEGov}}
|
| Condition
|
What is public domain
|
Template
|
| No creative content
|
Some works (vague)
|
{{PD-ineligible}}
|
| Copyright released by holder
|
All works
|
{{PD-release}}
|
| Public manifesto
|
Works where research has uncovered no copyright
|
{{PD-manifesto}}
|
These tables outline the estimated length of time of copyright per country[6][7][8]. Laws regarding anonymous works, corporate-authored works, or non-literary works vary per country. This is not intended to be used as a legal guideline since it cannot reflect the complexity of the copyright laws in effect at any one time and since copyright laws are changing continuously; this section simply provides a useful summary as part of a more in-depth research.
| Country
|
Copyright length
|
| Albania
|
life + 70
|
| Algeria
|
life + 50
|
| Andorra
|
life + 70
|
| Angola
|
life + 50
|
| Argentina
|
life + 70
|
| Armenia
|
life + 50
|
| Aruba
|
unknown
|
| Australia
|
life + 50 if author died before 1955, otherwise life + 70
|
| Austria
|
life + 70
|
| Azerbaijan
|
life + 50
|
| Bahrain
|
life + 50
|
| Bangladesh
|
life + 50
|
| Barbados
|
life + 50
|
| Belarus
|
life + 50
|
| Belgium
|
life + 70
|
| Belize
|
life + 50
|
| Benin
|
life + 50
|
| Bhutan
|
life + 50
|
| Bolivia
|
life + 50
|
| Bosnia and Herzegovina
|
life + 70
|
| Brazil
|
- life + 70 for known authors[9]
- first publication + 70 for anonymous or pseudonymous works (only if the author doesn't make his identity known before the expiry)[10]
- first publication + 70 for audiovisual and photographic works[11], phonograms and transmission for the broadcasts of broadcasting organizations[12]
- texts of treaties or conventions, laws, decrees, regulations, judicial decisions and other official enactments shall be excluded from copyright protection[13]
|
| Brunei
|
life + 50
|
| Bulgaria
|
life + 70
|
| Burkina Faso
|
life + 50
|
| Burundi
|
life + 50
|
| Cambodia
|
life + 50
|
| Cameroon
|
life + 50
|
| Canada
|
life + 50
|
| Cape Verde
|
life + 50
|
| Chile
|
life + 50
|
| China
|
life + 50
|
| Colombia
|
life + 80
|
| Costa Rica
|
life + 70
|
| Cote d'Ivoire
|
life + 99
|
| Croatia
|
life + 50 if author died before 1949[14], otherwise life + 70 [15][16]
|
| Cuba
|
life + 50
|
| Czech Republic
|
life + 70
|
| Denmark
|
life + 70
|
| Djibouti
|
life + 25
|
| Dominica
|
life + 70
|
| Dominican Republic
|
life + 50
|
| Ecuador
|
life + 70
|
| Egypt
|
life + 50
|
| El Salvador
|
life + 50
|
| Estonia
|
life + 70
|
| European Union
|
life + 70
|
| Fiji
|
life + 50
|
| Finland
|
life + 70
|
| France
|
life + 70
|
| Georgia
|
life + 50
|
| Germany
|
life + 70
|
| Ghana
|
life + 70
|
| Greece
|
life + 70
|
| Guatemala
|
life + 75
|
| Honduras
|
life + 75
|
| Hong Kong
|
life + 50
|
| Hungary
|
life + 70
|
| Iceland
|
life + 70
|
| India
|
life + 60 for literary or musical works or artistic works, publication + 60 for others[17].
|
| Indonesia
|
life + 50
|
| Iran
|
life + 30
|
| Iraq
|
life + 50 (imposed by occupying provisional authority)
|
| Ireland
|
life + 70
|
| Israel
|
life + 70
|
| Italy
|
life + 70
|
| Jamaica
|
life + 50
|
| Japan
|
life + 50 (life + 70 years for motion pictures)
|
| Jordan
|
life + 50
|
| Kazakhstan
|
life + 50
|
| Kenya
|
life + 50
|
| Korea (South)
|
life + 50
|
| Kuwait
|
life + 50
|
| Kyrgyzstan
|
life + 50
|
| Latvia
|
life + 70
|
| Lebanon
|
life + 50
|
| Libya
|
life + 25, with 50-year minimum (as of 1968; may have changed since)
|
| Liechtenstein
|
life + 70
|
| Lithuania
|
life + 70
|
| Luxembourg
|
life + 70
|
| Macao
|
life + 50
|
| Madagascar
|
life + 70
|
| Malaysia
|
life + 50
|
| Maldives
|
none
|
| Mali
|
life + 50
|
| Malta
|
life + 70
|
| Marshall Islands
|
none
|
| Mauritius
|
life + 50
|
| Mexico
|
life + 100
|
| Moldova
|
life + 50
|
| Mongolia
|
life + 50
|
| Montenegro
|
life + 70
|
| Morocco
|
life + 50
|
| Namibia
|
life + 50
|
| The Netherlands
|
life + 70
|
| New Zealand
|
life + 50
|
| Nicaragua
|
life + 70
|
| Niger
|
life + 50
According to Ch. II, Art. 6 of the Nigerien copyright law, items not protected are:
- official texts of legislative, administrative or judiciary nature, or official translations of such texts,
- current news items,
- single facts and statements.
|
| Nigeria
|
Life + 70
|
| Norway
|
life + 70
|
| Oman
|
life + 50
|
| Pakistan
|
life + 50
|
| Palau
|
life + 50
|
| Panama
|
life + 50
|
| Papua New Guinea
|
life + 50
|
| Paraguay
|
life + 70
|
| Peru
|
life + 70
|
| Philippines
|
life + 50
|
| Poland
|
Life + 70
|
| Qatar
|
life + 50
|
| Romania
|
life + 70
|
| Russia
|
life + 70(74) (life + 50(54) for works whose copyright expired before January 1, 2004)[18]
|
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
|
life + 50
|
| Samoa
|
Life + 75
|
| Saudi Arabia
|
life + 50
|
| Serbia
|
life + 70
|
| Seychelles
|
life + 25
|
| Singapore
|
life + 70
|
| Slovakia
|
life + 70
|
| Slovenia
|
life + 70
|
| Solomon Islands
|
life + 50
|
| South Africa
|
life + 50
|
| Spain
|
life + 70
|
| Sudan
|
life + 50
|
| Swaziland
|
life + 50
|
| Sweden
|
life + 70
|
| Switzerland
|
life + 70
|
| Syria
|
life + 50
|
| Taiwan
|
life + 50
|
| Tajikistan
|
life + 50
|
| Tanzania
|
life + 50
|
| Thailand
|
life + 50
|
| Togo
|
life + 50
|
| Tonga
|
life + 50
|
| Trinidad and Tobago
|
life + 50
|
| Tunisia
|
life + 50
|
| Turkey
|
life + 70
|
| United Arab Emirates
|
life + 50
|
| United Kingdom
|
life + 70
|
| United States of America
|
expired for works published before 1923; 28 or 95 years for works copyrighted 1923-1963; 95 years for works copyrighted 1964-1977; thereafter life+70.
|
| Uruguay
|
life + 50
|
| Uzbekistan
|
life + 50
|
| Venezuela
|
life + 60
|
| Vietnam
|
life + 50
|
| Yemen
|
life + 30
|
| Zambia
|
life + 50
|
| Zimbabwe
|
life + 50
|
These works have copyright terms extending 70 years beyond the author's life, or until 31 December 2047 (whichever is greater).
The United States Copyright renewal records search engine is a useful tool for determining renewal status.
- ↑ The criteria tables are primarily derived from the Cornell Copyright Information Center's Public Domain chart, which is copyrighted by Peter Hirtle and released under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License 2.0.
- ↑ Copyright durations, Bromberg and Sunstein, LLP
- ↑ Circular 15a from the United States Copyright Office
- ↑ As Section 7 of the United States Headquarters Agreement for the United Nations, Public Law 80-357 applies the United States laws to the United Nations Headquarters, works published there are copyrighted in the same way as other works published in the United States.
- ↑ Highlights of Copyright Amendments Contained in the Uruguay Round Agreements Act (URAA). Circular 38b (Portable Document Format), Library of Congress Copyright Office
- ↑ How Can I Tell Whether a Book Can Go Online?, Online Books Page
- ↑ Summary of copyright terms The Online Books Page
- ↑ Collection of National Copyright Laws, United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation
- ↑ Law No. 9610 of February 19, 1998, on Copyright and Neighboring Rights, article 41
- ↑ Law No. 9610 of February 19, 1998, on Copyright and Neighboring Rights, article 43
- ↑ Law No. 9610 of February 19, 1998, on Copyright and Neighboring Rights, article 44
- ↑ Law No. 9610 of February 19, 1998, on Copyright and Neighboring Rights, article 96
- ↑ Law No. 9610 of February 19, 1998, on Copyright and Neighboring Rights, article 8
- ↑ NN 1999/9 Zakon o autorskom pravu (pročišćeni tekst) old law life +50
- ↑ NN 1999/76 Zakon o izmjenama i dopunama Zakona o autorskom pravu change from life +50 to life +70
- ↑ Zakon o autorskom pravu i srodnim pravima (valid law)
- ↑ A Hand Book of Copyright Law, Government of India Ministry of Human Resource Development
- ↑ copyright.ru (Russian)
