സഹായം:പൊതുസഞ്ചയം

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Public domain

• സഹോദര സംരംഭങ്ങൾ: കോമൺസ് ചിത്രശാല, വിക്കിഡാറ്റ ഐറ്റം.

ഒരു കൃതി പൊതുസഞ്ചയത്തിലാണോ എന്ന് തീരുമാനിക്കാനും അതിന് ഏത് ഫലകം ഉപയോഗിക്കാമെന്നും ഈ താൾ സഹായിക്കുന്നു.

മാനദണ്ഡം

ഒരു കൃതി പൊതുസഞ്ചയത്തിലാണെന്ന് സുരക്ഷിതമായി കണക്കാക്കണമെങ്കിൽ പാലിക്കേണ്ട നിബന്ധനകൾ ഈ പട്ടികകളിൽ കൊടുത്തിരിക്കുന്നു.^[1][2]. ആദ്യം പ്രസിദ്ധീകരിച്ച രാജ്യത്തിലും അമേരിക്കൻ ഐക്യനാടുകളിലും പൊതുസഞ്ചയത്തിലായവ മാത്രമേ വിക്കിഗ്രന്ഥശാലയിൽ ഉൾപ്പെടുത്താനാവൂ.

പൊതുസഞ്ചയത്തിലല്ലാത്തവ

Conditions	Date PD
unpublished works created before 1978 and published 1977–2003	2048–2073[a]

പൊതുസഞ്ചയത്തിലുള്ളവ

Corporate authorship

'Corporate authorship' refers to works written for hire or in the name of a corporation.

Date of publication	Conditions	Public domain	Template
none.	unpublished	Works created 120+ years ago (1904)	none.
1923 through 1977	published outside the US and copyright in its home country	works created 120+ years ago (1904) or published 95+ years ago (1929), whichever is earliest.	none.
1978–1 March 1989	no notice, but subsequent registration or with notice	works created 120+ years ago (1904) or published 95+ years ago (1929), whichever is earliest.	none.
After 1 March 1989	none.	works created 120+ years ago (1904) or published over 95+ years ago (1929), whichever is earliest.	none.

Unpublished works

An unpublished work is one that has never been published in any form, or which was first published after 2003 but created before 1935.

Note for the European Union: If a previously unpublished work is published first time ("editio princeps") later than 70 years after the death of the author, then it is no more public domain but it is granted a copyright for 25 years (Council Directive 93/98/EEC, see here)

Type of work	What is public domain	Template
Most works (except those below) or created before 1978 and published after 2002	works of authors who died 70+ years ago (1954)	{{PD-old-70}}
anonymous or pseudonymous or author's date of death unknown	Works created 120+ years ago (1904)	{{PD-old}}

Published in the United States

Date of publication	Condition[3]	What is public domain	Template
Before 1923	none.	all works.	{{PD-1923}}
1923–1963	with notice, no renewal[b]	all works.	{{PD-US-no-renewal}}
1923–1963	with notice and renewal[b]	Works published 95+ years ago (1929)	none.
1923–1977	no copyright notice	all works.	{{PD-US-no-notice}}
1964–1977	with notice	Works published 95+ years ago (1929)	none.
1978–1 March 1989	no notice or subsequent registration	all works.	none.
1978–1 March 1989	no notice, but subsequent registration or with notice	works of authors who died 70+ years ago (1954)	none.
After 1 March 1989	none.	works of authors who died 70+ years ago (1954)
Any time	prepared by an on-duty officer or employee of the United States Federal Government	all works.	{{PD-USGov}}
Any time	official documents of the United Nations[4]	Official records, UN documents issued with a UN symbol, and not-for-sale public information materials designed primarily to inform the public about United Nations activities	{{PD-UN}}

അമേരിക്കൻ ഐക്യനാടുകൾക്ക് പുറത്ത് പ്രസിദ്ധീകരിച്ചത്

ശ്രദ്ധിക്കുക: 1923-നു ശേഷം അമേരിക്കൻ ഐക്യനാടുകൾക്ക് (യു.എസ്.) പുറത്ത് പ്രസിദ്ധീകരിക്കപ്പെട്ട കൃതികൾ ഉറുഗ്വേ റൗണ്ട് എഗ്രീമെന്റ്സ് നിയമപ്രകാരം, ചിലപ്പോൾ ഇപ്പോഴും യു.എസിൽ പകർപ്പവകാശമുള്ളവയായിരിക്കാം. ഈ കരാർ നിലവിൽവരുന്നതിന് പൊതുസഞ്ചയത്തിലായ കൃതികളും ഇവയിൽപ്പെടാം.^[5] തികച്ചും സ്പഷ്ടമായ വ്യവസ്ഥകൾ മാത്രമേ ഇവിടെ നൽകിയിട്ടുള്ളൂ.

പ്രസിദ്ധീകരിച്ച തിയതി	വ്യവസ്ഥ	ഏതൊക്കെ പൊതുസഞ്ചയത്തിലാണ്	ഫലകം
1909 ജൂലൈ 1-നു മുൻപ്	ഒന്നുമില്ല.	എല്ലാ കൃതികളും.	ഒന്നുമില്ല.
1909 ജൂലൈ 1 മുതൽ 1922 വരെ	യു.എസ്. ഔപചാരികതകൾ പ്രകാരം	എല്ലാ കൃതികളും.	ഒന്നുമില്ല.
1923–1977	1996 ജനുവരി 1-ന് അതിന്റെ മാതൃരാജ്യത്ത് പൊതുസഞ്ചയത്തിലായിരിക്കുകയും ഈ തിയതിക്കുമുമ്പ് യു.എസിൽ അത് പ്രസിദ്ധീകരിക്കാതിരിക്കുകയും ചെയ്തവ.	എല്ലാ കൃതികളും.	{{PD-1996}}
1978 ജനുവരി 1-നു ശേഷം	അതിന്റെ മാതൃരാജ്യത്ത് പകർപ്പവകാശത്തിനുകീഴിലുള്ളവ	95-ഓ അതിലധികമോ വർഷം മുൻപ് (1929) മരിച്ച രചയിതാക്കളുടെ കൃതികൾ

Published in Greater China

Condition	What is public domain	Template
Works ineligible for copyright in Mainland China	Laws; regulations; resolutions, decisions and orders of State organs; other documents of a legislative, administrative or judicial nature; and their official translations.	{{PD-CN}}
Official works of Macao	Official works, in particular the texts of treaties, laws and regulations and those of reports or decisions by authorities of any kind, and translations thereof.	{{PD-MO}}
Works ineligible for copyright in Taiwan	The constitution, acts, regulations, official documents (including proclamations, text of speeches, news releases, and other documents prepared by civil servants in the course of carrying out their duties), and their translations and compilations by central or local government agencies.	{{PD-TW}}

Published in Germany

Condition	What is public domain	Template
Official works of Germany	Official works released by any German federal or state authority or court. Third party translations are not public domain until 70 years after the death of the translator.	{{PD-DEGov}}

Miscellaneous

Condition	What is public domain	Template
No creative content	Some works (vague)	{{PD-ineligible}}
Copyright released by holder	All works	{{PD-release}}
Public manifesto	Works where research has uncovered no copyright	{{PD-manifesto}}

Copyright terms by country

These tables outline the estimated length of time of copyright per country^[6][7][8]. Laws regarding anonymous works, corporate-authored works, or non-literary works vary per country. This is not intended to be used as a legal guideline since it cannot reflect the complexity of the copyright laws in effect at any one time and since copyright laws are changing continuously; this section simply provides a useful summary as part of a more in-depth research.

Country	Copyright length
Albania	life + 70
Algeria	life + 50
Andorra	life + 70
Angola	life + 50
Argentina	life + 70
Armenia	life + 50
Aruba	unknown
Australia	life + 50 if author died before 1955, otherwise life + 70
Austria	life + 70
Azerbaijan	life + 50
Bahrain	life + 50
Bangladesh	life + 50
Barbados	life + 50
Belarus	life + 50
Belgium	life + 70
Belize	life + 50
Benin	life + 50
Bhutan	life + 50
Bolivia	life + 50
Bosnia and Herzegovina	life + 70
Brazil	life + 70 for known authors[9] first publication + 70 for anonymous or pseudonymous works (only if the author doesn't make his identity known before the expiry)[10] first publication + 70 for audiovisual and photographic works[11], phonograms and transmission for the broadcasts of broadcasting organizations[12] texts of treaties or conventions, laws, decrees, regulations, judicial decisions and other official enactments shall be excluded from copyright protection[13]
Brunei	life + 50
Bulgaria	life + 70
Burkina Faso	life + 50
Burundi	life + 50
Cambodia	life + 50
Cameroon	life + 50
Canada	life + 50
Cape Verde	life + 50
Chile	life + 50
China	life + 50
Colombia	life + 80
Costa Rica	life + 70
Cote d'Ivoire	life + 99
Croatia	life + 50 if author died before 1949[14], otherwise life + 70 [15][16]
Cuba	life + 50
Czech Republic	life + 70
Denmark	life + 70
Djibouti	life + 25
Dominica	life + 70
Dominican Republic	life + 50
Ecuador	life + 70
Egypt	life + 50
El Salvador	life + 50
Estonia	life + 70
European Union	life + 70
Fiji	life + 50
Finland	life + 70
France	life + 70
Georgia	life + 50
Germany	life + 70
Ghana	life + 70
Greece	life + 70
Guatemala	life + 75
Honduras	life + 75
Hong Kong	life + 50
Hungary	life + 70
Iceland	life + 70
India	life + 60 for literary or musical works or artistic works, publication + 60 for others[17].
Indonesia	life + 50
Iran	life + 30
Iraq	life + 50 (imposed by occupying provisional authority)
Ireland	life + 70
Israel	life + 70
Italy	life + 70
Jamaica	life + 50
Japan	life + 50 (life + 70 years for motion pictures)
Jordan	life + 50
Kazakhstan	life + 50
Kenya	life + 50
Korea (South)	life + 50
Kuwait	life + 50
Kyrgyzstan	life + 50
Latvia	life + 70
Lebanon	life + 50
Libya	life + 25, with 50-year minimum (as of 1968; may have changed since)
Liechtenstein	life + 70
Lithuania	life + 70
Luxembourg	life + 70
Macao	life + 50
Madagascar	life + 70
Malaysia	life + 50
Maldives	none
Mali	life + 50
Malta	life + 70
Marshall Islands	none
Mauritius	life + 50
Mexico	life + 100
Moldova	life + 50
Mongolia	life + 50
Montenegro	life + 70
Morocco	life + 50
Namibia	life + 50
The Netherlands	life + 70
New Zealand	life + 50
Nicaragua	life + 70
Niger	life + 50 According to Ch. II, Art. 6 of the Nigerien copyright law, items not protected are: official texts of legislative, administrative or judiciary nature, or official translations of such texts, current news items, single facts and statements.
Nigeria	Life + 70
Norway	life + 70
Oman	life + 50
Pakistan	life + 50
Palau	life + 50
Panama	life + 50
Papua New Guinea	life + 50
Paraguay	life + 70
Peru	life + 70
Philippines	life + 50
Poland	Life + 70
Qatar	life + 50
Romania	life + 70
Russia	life + 70(74) (life + 50(54) for works whose copyright expired before January 1, 2004)[18]
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	life + 50
Samoa	Life + 75
Saudi Arabia	life + 50
Serbia	life + 70
Seychelles	life + 25
Singapore	life + 70
Slovakia	life + 70
Slovenia	life + 70
Solomon Islands	life + 50
South Africa	life + 50
Spain	life + 70
Sudan	life + 50
Swaziland	life + 50
Sweden	life + 70
Switzerland	life + 70
Syria	life + 50
Taiwan	life + 50
Tajikistan	life + 50
Tanzania	life + 50
Thailand	life + 50
Togo	life + 50
Tonga	life + 50
Trinidad and Tobago	life + 50
Tunisia	life + 50
Turkey	life + 70
United Arab Emirates	life + 50
United Kingdom	life + 70
United States of America	expired for works published before 1923; 28 or 95 years for works copyrighted 1923-1963; 95 years for works copyrighted 1964-1977; thereafter life+70.
Uruguay	life + 50
Uzbekistan	life + 50
Venezuela	life + 60
Vietnam	life + 50
Yemen	life + 30
Zambia	life + 50
Zimbabwe	life + 50

Notes

Footnotes

• copyrighted_unpublished

These works have copyright terms extending 70 years beyond the author's life, or until 31 December 2047 (whichever is greater).

• renewal

The United States Copyright renewal records search engine is a useful tool for determining renewal status.

References

1. The criteria tables are primarily derived from the Cornell Copyright Information Center's Public Domain chart, which is copyrighted by Peter Hirtle and released under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License 2.0.
2. Copyright durations, Bromberg and Sunstein, LLP
3. Circular 15a from the United States Copyright Office
4. As Section 7 of the United States Headquarters Agreement for the United Nations, Public Law 80-357 applies the United States laws to the United Nations Headquarters, works published there are copyrighted in the same way as other works published in the United States.
5. Highlights of Copyright Amendments Contained in the Uruguay Round Agreements Act (URAA). Circular 38b (Portable Document Format), Library of Congress Copyright Office
6. How Can I Tell Whether a Book Can Go Online?, Online Books Page
7. Summary of copyright terms The Online Books Page
8. Collection of National Copyright Laws, United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation
9. Law No. 9610 of February 19, 1998, on Copyright and Neighboring Rights, article 41
10. Law No. 9610 of February 19, 1998, on Copyright and Neighboring Rights, article 43
11. Law No. 9610 of February 19, 1998, on Copyright and Neighboring Rights, article 44
12. Law No. 9610 of February 19, 1998, on Copyright and Neighboring Rights, article 96
13. Law No. 9610 of February 19, 1998, on Copyright and Neighboring Rights, article 8
14. NN 1999/9 Zakon o autorskom pravu (pročišćeni tekst) old law life +50
15. NN 1999/76 Zakon o izmjenama i dopunama Zakona o autorskom pravu change from life +50 to life +70
16. Zakon o autorskom pravu i srodnim pravima (valid law)
17. A Hand Book of Copyright Law, Government of India Ministry of Human Resource Development
18. copyright.ru (Russian)

See also

• Wikisource's copyright policy
• Copyright tags
• Category:Copyright law